The 4 Most Common Types of Hair Loss: What You Need to Know

Hair loss is a common concern for people of all ages and can be distressing for both men and women. Whether you're noticing more hair in the shower drain or a receding hairline, understanding the type of hair loss you're experiencing can be the first step in finding a solution. Here are the four most common types of hair loss dermatologists see and what you should know about each.

1. Androgenetic Alopecia (Male Pattern & Female Pattern Hair Loss)

Androgenetic alopecia, also known as pattern hair loss, is the most common type of hair loss seen by dermatologists. It affects both men and women but appears differently in each.

• In Men: Often called male pattern baldness, this condition usually starts with a receding hairline and thinning at the crown. Over time, it can progress to partial or complete baldness.

• In Women: Known as female pattern hair loss, it typically presents as thinning on the top and crown of the scalp, with a widening part rather than a receding hairline.

Cause: Androgenetic alopecia is genetic and linked to hormones called androgens (ie testosterone and dihydrotestosterone). These hormones can shrink hair follicles, resulting in shorter, finer hair over time.

Treatment: There are various treatment options, including minoxidil (an FDA-approved topical solution for both men and women), oral medications such as spironolactone and dutasteride, and in some cases, hair transplants. Dermatologists can help guide you through these options based on your hair type and lifestyle.

2. Telogen Effluvium (Stress-Related Hair Loss)

Telogen effluvium is a type of hair loss triggered by stress or major life changes. This type of hair loss occurs when more hair than usual enters the "telogen" (resting) phase of the hair growth cycle, causing more hair to fall out.

Causes: Telogen effluvium can result from physical or emotional stressors like illness, surgery, childbirth, extreme weight loss, GLP-1 medications such as Ozempic, or even significant lifestyle changes. It can also occur after events like COVID-19, as some people have reported noticeable hair thinning following recovery.

Symptoms: Hair tends to shed from all over the scalp rather than specific areas. The shedding often starts a few months after the stressful event and may last for up to six months.

Treatment: Telogen effluvium usually resolves on its own once the underlying cause is addressed. Reducing stress, maintaining a balanced diet, and taking supplements if recommended by your doctor can all help speed up recovery.

3. Alopecia Areata (Patchy Hair Loss)

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks hair follicles, leading to hair loss.

Causes: Although the exact cause of alopecia areata is unknown, it’s believed to be linked to genetics and possibly triggered by stress or other autoimmune issues.

Symptoms: This type of hair loss usually appears as small, round bald patches on the scalp. In some cases, it may lead to complete hair loss on the scalp (alopecia totalis) or even the entire body (alopecia universalis).

Treatment: There isn’t a cure, but treatment options include corticosteroid injections to suppress the immune response, topical medications, and, in some cases, immunotherapy. Hair may regrow, but alopecia areata can be unpredictable, with periods of hair loss and regrowth.

4. Traction Alopecia (Hair Loss from Styling)

Traction alopecia is caused by tension or pulling on the hair. It's common in people who frequently wear hairstyles that pull on the hair, like tight ponytails, braids, and cornrows.

Causes: Over time, these hairstyles can cause damage to the hair follicles, resulting in hair loss along the hairline and other areas where the hair is pulled tight.

Symptoms: The most noticeable symptom is hair loss along the edges of the scalp. Early signs include breakage, thinning, or small bald spots in areas where the hair is pulled.

Treatment: The best way to treat traction alopecia is to avoid hairstyles that put stress on the hair. Letting your hair rest and trying looser hairstyles can help. In more severe cases, hair may not grow back on its own, and treatment options like topical minoxidil, changes in hair styling, oral medications, or hair transplant surgery may be recommended by a dermatologist.

Seeking Help from a Dermatologist

If you’re experiencing hair loss, it’s essential to consult with a dermatologist to identify the type and cause. A personalized approach can help you find the most effective treatment for your unique needs. Dermatologists are experts in diagnosing and treating all forms of hair loss, and they can guide you through various treatment options, whether you’re dealing with androgenetic alopecia, telogen effluvium, alopecia areata, or traction alopecia.

Hair loss can be a challenging experience, but early intervention and professional guidance can make a significant difference in managing it. If you’re noticing unusual hair shedding or thinning, don’t hesitate to book a consultation with a dermatologist who specializes in hair loss. Whether it’s through topical treatments, medications, or lifestyle changes, there are options available that can help you achieve healthy, thriving hair again.

If hair loss is affecting your confidence, know that there are ways to restore and maintain healthy hair. At Dapper Dermatology, we offer comprehensive consultations and personalized treatment plans to help you regain confidence. Contact us via phone or text or book your appointment directly online and start your journey toward healthier hair.